Bill Sponsor
House Joint Resolution 139
119th Congress(2025-2026)
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States requiring a balanced budget for the Federal Government.
Active
Active
Failed House on Mar 18, 2026
Overview
Text
Bill Intelligence

The proposed amendment aims to require the federal government to maintain a balanced budget, limiting yearly expenditures to the average annual receipts from the previous three years, adjusted for inflation and population changes. However, Congress may exceed this limit through a two-thirds vote in certain situations, such as specific expenditures or during a declared war. Additionally, any new tax or tax rate increase would require a two-thirds vote in both Houses to become law. The enforcement and implementation of this amendment would be carried out through appropriate legislation, and it would take effect five years after ratification.

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AI-generated from the bill text (Reported in House)
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Sponsor
Introduced
Jan 9, 2026
Latest Action
Mar 18, 2026
Origin Chamber
House
Type
Joint Resolution
Joint Resolution
A form of legislative measure used to propose changes in law, or to propose an amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Depending on the chamber of origin, they begin with a designation of either H.J.Res. or S.J.Res. Concurrent resolutions and simple resolutions are other types of resolutions. Bill is another form of legislative measure used to propose law.
Bill Number
139
Congress
119
Policy Area
Economics and Public Finance
Economics and Public Finance
Primary focus of measure is budgetary matters such as appropriations, public debt, the budget process, government lending, government accounts and trust funds; monetary policy and inflation; economic development, performance, and economic theory.
Sponsorship by Party
Republican
Arizona
House Votes (1)
Senate Votes (0)
Failed on March 18, 2026
Question
On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass
Status
Failed
Type
Roll Call Vote
Roll Call Vote
A vote that records the individual position of each Member who voted. Such votes occurring on the House floor (by the "yeas and nays" or by "recorded vote") are taken by electronic device. The Senate has no electronic voting system; in such votes, Senators answer "yea" or "nay" as the clerk calls each name aloud. Each vote is compiled by clerks and receives a roll call number (referenced in Congress.gov as a "Record Vote" [Senate] or "Roll no." [House]).
Roll Call Type
2/3 Yea-And-Nay
Roll Number
95
House Roll Call Votes
Yes
Alabama
Alabama
Yes
Alabama
Alabama
Yes
Alabama
Alabama
Yes
Alabama
Alabama
Yes
Alabama
Alabama
Alabama
No
Alabama
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arizona
Yes
Arizona
Arizona
Arizona
Yes
Arizona
Arizona
No
Arizona
Arizona
Yes
Arizona
Arizona
Yes
Arizona
Arizona
Arizona
Yes
Arkansas
Arkansas
Yes
Arkansas
Arkansas
Yes
Arkansas
Arkansas
Yes
Arkansas
Arkansas
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
Yes
California
California
No
California
California
Yes
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
Didn't Vote
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
Yes
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
Yes
California
California
Yes
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
No
California
California
California
No
California
California
Yes
California
California
Yes
California
California
Yes
California
California
No
California
California
Colorado
No
Colorado
Colorado
Yes
Colorado
Colorado
No
Colorado
Colorado
Yes
Colorado
Colorado
Yes
Colorado
Colorado
No
Colorado
Colorado
Yes
Colorado
Colorado
No
Connecticut
Connecticut
No
Connecticut
Connecticut
No
Connecticut
Connecticut
No
Connecticut
Connecticut
No
Connecticut
Connecticut
No
Delaware
Delaware
Yes
Florida
Florida
Didn't Vote
Florida
Florida
Yes
Florida
Florida
Yes
Florida
Florida
Florida
Yes
Florida
Florida
Yes
Florida
Florida
No
Florida
Florida
Florida
Florida
Yes
Florida
Florida
Yes
Florida
Florida
Florida
Yes
Florida
Florida
Yes
Florida
Florida
Yes
Florida
Florida
No
Florida
Florida
Yes
Florida
Florida
No
Florida
Florida
Florida
Florida
No
Florida
Florida
Florida
Yes
Florida
Florida
Yes
Florida
Florida
Yes
Florida
Florida
Yes
Florida
Florida
Yes
Georgia
Georgia
Yes
Georgia
Georgia
Georgia
Yes
Georgia
Georgia
Yes
Georgia
Georgia
No
Georgia
Georgia
No
Georgia
Georgia
No
Georgia
Georgia
Yes
Georgia
Georgia
Georgia
Georgia
Yes
Georgia
Georgia
Georgia
No
Hawaii
Hawaii
Hawaii
Yes
Idaho
Idaho
Yes
Idaho
Idaho
No
Illinois
Illinois
No
Illinois
Illinois
No
Illinois
Illinois
Yes
Illinois
Illinois
Illinois
No
Illinois
Illinois
No
Illinois
Illinois
Illinois
Illinois
Illinois
Yes
Illinois
Illinois
Yes
Illinois
Illinois
No
Illinois
Illinois
No
Illinois
Illinois
Didn't Vote
Illinois
Illinois
Didn't Vote
Illinois
Illinois
No
Illinois
Illinois
No
Indiana
Indiana
Yes
Indiana
Indiana
Indiana
Indiana
Yes
Indiana
Indiana
Yes
Indiana
Indiana
Indiana
Yes
Indiana
Indiana
Yes
Indiana
Indiana
Iowa
Iowa
Iowa
Yes
Kansas
Kansas
Yes
Kansas
Kansas
Kansas
Yes
Kansas
Kansas
Yes
Kentucky
Kentucky
Yes
Kentucky
Kentucky
Yes
Kentucky
Kentucky
Yes
Kentucky
Kentucky
No
Kentucky
Kentucky
Yes
Kentucky
Kentucky
Yes
Louisiana
Louisiana
No
Louisiana
Louisiana
Yes
Louisiana
Louisiana
Yes
Louisiana
Louisiana
Yes
Louisiana
Louisiana
No
Louisiana
Louisiana
Maine
Maine
Yes
Maryland
Maryland
Maryland
No
Maryland
Maryland
No
Maryland
Maryland
Maryland
No
Maryland
Maryland
No
Maryland
Maryland
No
Maryland
Maryland
No
Massachusetts
Massachusetts
No
Massachusetts
Massachusetts
Didn't Vote
Massachusetts
Massachusetts
No
Massachusetts
Massachusetts
No
Massachusetts
Massachusetts
No
Massachusetts
Massachusetts
No
Massachusetts
Massachusetts
Didn't Vote
Massachusetts
Massachusetts
No
Massachusetts
Massachusetts
Yes
Michigan
Michigan
No
Michigan
Michigan
No
Michigan
Michigan
Michigan
Yes
Michigan
Michigan
Yes
Michigan
Michigan
Yes
Michigan
Michigan
Michigan
Yes
Michigan
Michigan
No
Michigan
Michigan
No
Michigan
Michigan
Yes
Michigan
Michigan
Yes
Michigan
Michigan
No
Minnesota
Minnesota
No
Minnesota
Minnesota
Yes
Minnesota
Minnesota
No
Minnesota
Minnesota
No
Minnesota
Minnesota
Yes
Minnesota
Minnesota
Yes
Minnesota
Minnesota
Yes
Minnesota
Minnesota
No
Mississippi
Mississippi
Yes
Mississippi
Mississippi
Yes
Mississippi
Mississippi
Yes
Mississippi
Mississippi
Yes
Missouri
Missouri
No
Missouri
Missouri
Yes
Missouri
Missouri
Yes
Missouri
Missouri
Yes
Missouri
Missouri
Yes
Missouri
Missouri
Yes
Missouri
Missouri
No
Missouri
Missouri
Yes
Montana
Montana
Yes
Montana
Montana
Yes
Nebraska
Nebraska
Yes
Nebraska
Nebraska
Yes
Nebraska
Nebraska
No
Nevada
Nevada
Didn't Vote
Nevada
Nevada
Nevada
No
Nevada
Nevada
No
New Hampshire
New Hampshire
No
New Hampshire
New Hampshire
New Jersey
Yes
New Jersey
New Jersey
No
New Jersey
New Jersey
No
New Jersey
New Jersey
No
New Jersey
New Jersey
Yes
New Jersey
New Jersey
No
New Jersey
New Jersey
No
New Jersey
New Jersey
No
New Jersey
New Jersey
No
New Jersey
New Jersey
Didn't Vote
New Jersey
New Jersey
No
New Mexico
New Mexico
No
New Mexico
New Mexico
New Mexico
New York
New York
Yes
New York
New York
Yes
New York
New York
New York
Yes
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
Yes
New York
New York
New York
Yes
New York
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
No
New York
New York
Yes
North Carolina
North Carolina
No
North Carolina
North Carolina
Yes
North Carolina
North Carolina
Yes
North Carolina
North Carolina
Yes
North Carolina
North Carolina
No
North Carolina
North Carolina
No
North Carolina
North Carolina
Yes
North Carolina
North Carolina
Yes
North Carolina
North Carolina
Yes
North Carolina
North Carolina
Yes
North Carolina
North Carolina
Yes
North Carolina
North Carolina
No
North Carolina
North Carolina
Yes
North Carolina
North Carolina
Yes
North Dakota
North Dakota
Yes
Ohio
Ohio
Yes
Ohio
Ohio
Ohio
Ohio
Yes
Ohio
Ohio
Ohio
Ohio
Ohio
Ohio
Didn't Vote
Ohio
Ohio
Ohio
Ohio
Didn't Vote
Ohio
Ohio
Ohio
Yes
Oklahoma
Oklahoma
Yes
Oklahoma
Oklahoma
Yes
Oklahoma
Oklahoma
Yes
Oklahoma
Oklahoma
Yes
Oklahoma
Oklahoma
Oregon
Yes
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
Oregon
No
Oregon
Oregon
No
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
Yes
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
No
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
Yes
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
No
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
Yes
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
Yes
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
Yes
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
Yes
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
No
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
No
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
Yes
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
Yes
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
Yes
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
Yes
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
No
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
No
Rhode Island
Rhode Island
No
Rhode Island
Rhode Island
No
South Carolina
South Carolina
Yes
South Carolina
South Carolina
Didn't Vote
South Carolina
South Carolina
Yes
South Carolina
South Carolina
Yes
South Carolina
South Carolina
Yes
South Carolina
South Carolina
Yes
South Carolina
South Carolina
Yes
South Dakota
South Dakota
Yes
Tennessee
Tennessee
Yes
Tennessee
Tennessee
Yes
Tennessee
Tennessee
Yes
Tennessee
Tennessee
Yes
Tennessee
Tennessee
Yes
Tennessee
Tennessee
Yes
Tennessee
Tennessee
No
Tennessee
Tennessee
Yes
Tennessee
Tennessee
No
Texas
Texas
Texas
Texas
Yes
Texas
Texas
Yes
Texas
Texas
Yes
Texas
Texas
Texas
Yes
Texas
Texas
No
Texas
Texas
Texas
Yes
Texas
Texas
Texas
Texas
Texas
Yes
Texas
Texas
Texas
Yes
Texas
Texas
Yes
Texas
Texas
Texas
Texas
Texas
Texas
Texas
Texas
Texas
Texas
Didn't Vote
Texas
Texas
Texas
Yes
Texas
Texas
Texas
Texas
Texas
Didn't Vote
Texas
Texas
Yes
Texas
Texas
Texas
Texas
Yes
Texas
Texas
Utah
Utah
Utah
Utah
No
Vermont
Vermont
Yes
Virginia
Virginia
No
Virginia
Virginia
No
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
Yes
Virginia
Virginia
Yes
Virginia
Virginia
Yes
Virginia
Virginia
Virginia
No
Washington
Washington
Yes
Washington
Washington
No
Washington
Washington
Didn't Vote
Washington
Washington
Washington
No
Washington
Washington
Yes
Washington
Washington
No
Washington
Washington
No
Washington
Washington
No
Washington
Washington
Yes
West Virginia
West Virginia
Yes
West Virginia
West Virginia
Yes
Wisconsin
Wisconsin
Yes
Wisconsin
Wisconsin
Yes
Wisconsin
Wisconsin
No
Wisconsin
Wisconsin
No
Wisconsin
Wisconsin
Yes
Wisconsin
Wisconsin
Yes
Wisconsin
Wisconsin
Yes
Wisconsin
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Summary

This joint resolution proposes a constitutional amendment prohibiting total federal expenditures for a year from exceeding the average annual federal receipts collected in the three prior years, adjusted for changes in the population of U.S. citizens and inflation. Expenditures for payment of debt and receipts derived from borrowing are excluded.

Under the amendment, Congress may authorize specific expenditures in excess of the limit with (1) a roll call vote of two-thirds of each chamber, or (2) a roll call vote for any year in which a declaration of war is in effect.

The amendment also prohibits any bill to levy a new tax or increase the rate of any tax from becoming law unless it has been approved by a roll call vote of two-thirds of the whole number of each chamber of Congress.

The requirements take effect in the fifth year beginning after ratification of the amendment.

Text (2)
February 25, 2026
January 9, 2026
Actions (13)
03/18/2026
On motion to suspend the rules and pass the resolution Failed by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 211 - 207 (Roll no. 95).
03/18/2026
Failed of passage/not agreed to in House On motion to suspend the rules and pass the resolution Failed by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 211 - 207 (Roll no. 95).
03/18/2026
Considered as unfinished business. (consideration: CR H2583-2584)
03/18/2026
At the conclusion of debate, the Yeas and Nays were demanded and ordered. Pursuant to the provisions of clause 8, rule XX, the Chair announced that further proceedings on the motion would be postponed.
03/18/2026
DEBATE - Pursuant to the provisions of H. Res. 1115, the House proceeded with one hour of debate on H.J. Res. 139
03/18/2026
Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H2560-2568; text: CR H2560-2561)
03/18/2026
Mr. Biggs (AZ) moved to suspend the rules and pass the resolution.
02/25/2026
Placed on the House Calendar, Calendar No. 63.
02/25/2026
Reported by the Committee on Judiciary. H. Rept. 119-520.
02/03/2026
Ordered to be Reported by the Yeas and Nays: 16 - 10.
02/03/2026
Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held
01/09/2026
Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
01/09/2026
Introduced in House
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H.J.Res.139 119 Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States requiring a balanced budge 2
H.J.Res.139 119 Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States requiring a balanced budge
Public Record
Record Updated
Mar 23, 2026 6:19:54 PM